Year 2024 / Volume 31 / Number 1

Original

Sexual function behavior in men with non-oncological chronic low back pain in a pain clinic of the city of Manizales, Colombia

Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor. 2024; 31(1): 23-31 / DOI: 10.20986/resed.2024.4113/2023

Juan Carlos Orozco


ABSTRACT

Objectives: Sexual life is a fundamental aspect of the quality of life of human beings and chronic pain can present as a pathology that significantly compromises quality of life. This study investigates the influence of chronic non-oncological low back pain, its treatment, sociodemographic aspects of these people and other pathologies that can impact sexual function.
Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study focused on the sexual behavior of men with chronic low back pain. The sample was obtained from consultants at the Instituto Caldense de Medicina del Dolor. They were administered a survey using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) which is widely used to better characterize the main components of pain and obtain the international index of erectile function-15 Chile. The data were obtained in a single interview and analyzed in IBM-SPSS.
Results: Sample consisting of 40 non-oncological low back pain patients. Of these, the mean age was 52.9 years (SD 13.8), of which 80 % were from a low socioeconomic stratum, 85 % had a stable partner, 40 % did not complete high school studies and 20 % obtained a bachelor's degree. high school graduates, the others accessed some degree of higher education. The median duration of pain is 5 years (IQR 2.2-9.7), 92.5 % considered their pain moderate-severe (VAS); 50 % considered that they required professional sexological care, 72.5 % had another type of disease associated with chronic pain, namely (cardiovascular risk diseases 45 %, mental health diseases 32.5 %, among others). Most patients had multimodal treatment, among these 65 % of the population received treatment with opioid pharmacological therapy, 40 % anticonvulsants, 37.5 % antidepressants and the remaining 30% other medications. The prevalence of global dysfunction (libido disturbance, erectile dysfunction and orgasm disturbance) was 45 %, however, when considering each individual factor, there was a prevalence of erectile, orgasmic dysfunction and dissatisfaction with sexuality (DeOS) of 57.5 % and a decrease in libido of 47.5 %. Of the people in treatment with opioids, 65.4 % present DeOS and 46.2 % present low libido, of the users in treatment with anticonvulsants, 68.8 % present DeOS and 62.5 % have low libido, for those in treatment with antidepressants 66.7% present DeOS as well as low libido.
Discussion: This study was conducted in patients with chronic non-cancer low back pain, in whom sexual dysfunction is greater than in the population without this condition; the older you are, the greater the prevalence of DeOS. On the other hand, the more intense the pain and for longer (5 years or more), the greater the prevalence of sexual dysfunction. Regarding the treatments used, the most common includes opioids, which can have a high prevalence of DeOS and low libido, likewise, the use of anticonvulsants and antidepressants could also cause high prevalences of global sexual dysfunction. These results point out the importance of investigating the sexual life of patients with chronic low back pain during their treatment, so it is considered pertinent to expand research into the sexuality of patients with painful conditions in greater depth; as well as the continuity of projects in this line of research, which would allow adequate knowledge, innovation and a truly comprehensive treatment for the patient, which guarantees a better quality of life.



RESUMEN

Objetivos: La vida sexual es un aspecto fundamental de la calidad de vida de los seres humanos y el dolor crónico puede presentarse como una patología que compromete significativamente la calidad de vida. Este estudio investiga la influencia del dolor lumbar crónico no oncológico, su tratamiento, aspectos sociodemográficos de estas personas y otras patologías que pueden repercutir en la función sexual.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal centrado en el comportamiento sexual de hombres con dolor lumbar crónico. La muestra se obtuvo de consultantes al Instituto Caldense de Medicina del Dolor. Se les administró una encuesta utilizando la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) que es ampliamente utilizada para caracterizar mejor los principales componentes del dolor y obtener el índice internacional de función eréctil-15 Chile. Los datos fueron obtenidos en una sola entrevista y analizados en IBM-SPSS.
Resultados: Muestra constituida por 40 pacientes dolor lumbar no-oncológico. De estos, la edad media fue 52,9 años (SD 13,8), de los cuales el 80 % eran de un estrato socioeconómico bajo, el 85 % tenían una pareja estable, el 40 % no culminó estudios de bachillerato y el 20 % obtuvieron título de bachilleres, los demás accedieron a algún grado de educación superior. La mediana de duración del dolor es 5 años (IQR 2,2-9,7), 92,5 % consideró su dolor moderado-severo (EVA); el 50 % consideró que requería atención sexológica profesional, el 72,5 % tenían otro tipo de enfermedad asociada al dolor crónico, a saber (enfermedades de riesgo cardiovascular 45 %, enfermedades de salud mental 32,5 %, entre otras). La mayoría de los pacientes tenían tratamiento multimodal, entre estos el 65 % de la población recibió tratamiento con una terapia farmacológica opioide, el 40 % anticonvulsivantes, el 37,5 % antidepresivos y el 30 % restante otros medicamentos. La prevalencia de disfunción sexual global (alteración de la libido, disfunción eréctil y alteración del orgasmo) fue 45 %, no obstante, al considerar cada factor individual, se encuentra una prevalencia de disfunción eréctil, orgásmica e insatisfacción con la sexualidad (DeOS) del 57,5 % y una disminución de la libido del 47,5 %. De las personas en tratamiento con opioides, el 65,4 % presentan DeOS y el 46,2 % presentan baja libido, de los usuarios en tratamiento con anticonvulsivantes, el 68,8 % presentan DeOS y el 62,5 % baja libido, para aquellos en manejo con antidepresivos el 66,7 % presentan DeOS al igual que baja libido.
Discusión: Este estudio se realizó en pacientes con dolor lumbar crónico no oncológico, en ellos la disfunción sexual es mayor que en la población sin dicha afección; entre mayor edad, hay mayor prevalencia de DeOS. Por otro lado, cuanto más intenso es el dolor y por más tiempo (5 años o más), mayor es la prevalencia de disfunción sexual. En cuanto a los tratamientos usados, el más común incluye opioides, que pueden tener alta prevalencia de DeOS y baja libido, asimismo, el uso de anticonvulsivantes y antidepresivos también podrían ocasionar altas prevalencias de disfunción sexual global. Estos resultados señalan la importancia de indagar la vida sexual de pacientes con dolor lumbar crónico durante su tratamiento, por lo que se considera pertinente ampliar la investigación en la sexualidad de pacientes con afecciones dolorosas con mayor profundidad, así como la continuidad de proyectos en esta línea de investigación, lo que permitiría un adecuado conocimiento, innovación y un tratamiento realmente integral para el paciente, que garantice una mejor calidad de vida.





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Instrucciones para citar

Orozco J. Sexual function behavior in men with non-oncological chronic low back pain in a pain clinic of the city of Manizales, Colombia. Rev Soc Esp Dolor 2024; 31(1): 23-31 / DOI: 1020986/resed20244113/2023


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Aceptado: 15/09/2024

Prepublicado: 09/12/2024

Publicado: 22/01/2025

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