Year 2022 / Volume 29 / Number 2

Original

Cross-sectional study on factors related to chronic pain and its care, according to sex

Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor. 2022; 29(2): 61-70 / DOI: 10.20986/resed.2022.3968/2022

Ana Garzón, Maria Ángeles Rodríguez, José Carlos Garzón, Rosa Soledad Díaz, Francisco José Sánchez, Nieves Fresneña


ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of people with chronic non-oncologic pain, according to sex.
Patients and method: Cross-sectional study in the Pain Unit of the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca between March and September 2020. Consecutive sampling was performed, obtaining 105 patients. Data were extracted from the medical records (HHCC) for clinical variables and an ad hoc questionnaire for demographic and socioeconomic variables. A descriptive analysis of the variables was performed according to sex.
Results: Most of the patients with chronic pain were women (61.9 %) aged 56 years, Spanish, living in Salamanca and with a partner. Their level of education is medium/low and they are unemployed (p = 0.007). They are not the main economic providers of the family nucleus (p < 0.00) and their income is less than 950 euros per month (p = 0.001). They own a house and live with other people. Their main activity is domestic or care work (p = 0.008). They suffer from chronic secondary musculoskeletal pain associated with structural alterations, with non-specific chronic low back pain as the most frequent diagnosis. They have more concomitant pathologies than men, with HT being the most frequent, and psychiatric disorders more prevalent in them. They are treated with analgesics and peripheral nerve blocks, responding favorably.
Conclusion: Identifying the higher frequency of women, with their specific sociodemographic and clinical context, reflects the need to address sex and gender roles and thus take them into account when assessing how both influence the experience of chronic pain and how to carry out the care and management of our patients.



RESUMEN

Objetivo: Describir las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y terapéuticas de las personas con dolor crónico no oncológico, según sexo.
Pacientes y método: Estudio transversal en la Unidad del Dolor del Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca entre marzo y septiembre de 2020. Se realizó un muestreo consecutivo, obteniendo 105 pacientes. Los datos se extrajeron de las historias clínicas (HHCC) para las variables clínicas y un cuestionario realizado ad hoc para las variables demográficas y socioeconómicas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables, según sexo.
Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes con dolor crónico son mujeres (61,9 %) de 56 años, españolas, con residencia en Salamanca y con pareja. Su nivel de estudios es medio/bajo y están en situación de desempleo (p = 0,007). No son las principales proveedoras económicas del núcleo familiar (p < 0,00) y sus ingresos son inferiores a 950 euros al mes (p = 0,001). Poseen vivienda y conviven con otras personas. Su principal actividad son labores domésticas o de cuidados (p = 0,008). Padecen dolor musculoesquelético secundario crónico asociado a alteraciones estructurales, con lumbalgia crónica inespecífica como el diagnóstico más frecuente. Tienen más patologías concomitantes que los hombres, siendo la HTA la más frecuente, y los trastornos psiquiátricos más prevalentes en ellas. Están tratadas con analgésicos y bloqueos de nervios periféricos, respondiendo favorablemente.
Conclusión: Identificar la mayor frecuencia de mujeres, con su contexto sociodemográfico y clínico específico, refleja la necesidad de abordar el sexo y los roles de género, y así tenerlos en cuenta a la hora de evaluar cómo influyen ambos en la vivencia del dolor crónico y de cómo llevar a cabo la asistencia y el manejo de nuestros pacientes.





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Instrucciones para citar

Garzón A, Rodríguez M, Garzón J, Díaz R, Sánchez F, Fresneña N, et all. Cross-sectional study on factors related to chronic pain and its care, according to sex. Rev Soc Esp Dolor 2022; 29(2): 61-70 / DOI: 1020986/resed20223968/2022


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