Year 2019 / Volume 26 / Number 1

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Psychosocial factors in chronic cancer pain: a Delphi study

Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor. 2019; 26(1): 21-30 / DOI: 10.20986/resed.2018.3658/2018

Sònia Expósito-Vizcaíno, Dolors Burjalés-Martí, Jordi Miró


ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Chronic cancer pain is a complex experience that results from the interaction of multiple factors. Identifying which factors play an important role in shaping this experience would reduce its effects. The main objective of this study was to identify which factors are related to the chronifi cation of cancer pain, in the opinion of a group of experts. And secondarily, to explore which factors might act as protectors.
Material and methods: A multidisciplinary group of experts in oncology from various fi elds was invited. The Delphi methodology was used as a way to reach consensus among the participating experts.
Results: Two rounds were enough to reach consensus. A total of 22 experts participated in both
rounds. The main risk factors were the oncological process, a poorly controlled pain, and psychological factors, particularly pain catastrophic thinking. Among the main protective factors there were: social support, early pain treatment, optimism, and adherence to treatment.
Conclusions: This study contributes to identifying the main factors that can contribute to the chronifi cation of cancer pain, and also provides information on potential protectors. If confi rmed by future research, these results can help develop specific diagnostic tools to help identify people at risk, as well as create preventive programs.



RESUMEN

Antecedentes y objetivos: El dolor crónico oncológico es una experiencia compleja que resulta de la interacción de múltiples factores. Identifi car qué factores juegan un papel importante en la configuración de esta experiencia permitiría reducir sus efectos. El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo era identificar qué factores están relacionados con la cronificación del dolor oncológico, a juicio de un grupo de expertos. Y de forma secundaria, se trataba de explorar qué factores podrían actuar de protectores.
Material y método: Se invitó a un grupo multidisciplinar de expertos en oncología. Se utilizó la metodología Delphi como forma de llegar al consenso entre los expertos participantes.
Resultados: Dos rondas fueron suficientes para alcanzar el consenso. Un total de 22 expertos participaron en ambas rondas. Los principales factores de riesgo identificados fueron: el proceso oncológico, el dolor mal controlado y los factores psicológicos, particularmente el catastrofismo. Entre los factores protectores destacaron: soporte social, tratamiento precoz del dolor, personalidad optimista y adherencia al tratamiento.
Conclusiones: Este estudio contribuye a identifi car los principales factores que pueden contribuir a la cronificación del dolor oncológico, también aporta información sobre potenciales protectores. Si se confirman por investigaciones futuras, estos resultados pueden ayudar a desarrollar instrumentos diagnósticos específicos con los que identificar las personas en situación de riesgo, así como a crear programas preventivos.


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Instrucciones para citar

Expósito-Vizcaíno S, Burjalés-Martí D, Miró J. Psychosocial factors in chronic cancer pain: a Delphi study. Rev Soc Esp Dolor 2019; 26(1): 21-30 / DOI: 1020986/resed20183658/2018


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Ficha Técnica

Recibido: 20/01/2018

Aceptado: 02/04/2018

Prepublicado: 31/05/2018

Publicado: 07/03/2019

Tiempo de revisión del artículo: 70 días

Tiempo de prepublicación: 131 días

Tiempo de edición del artículo: 411 días


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