Year 2019 / Volume 26 / Number 4

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Comparative analysis of vital signs in acutely hospitalized patients according to the pain intensity

Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor. 2019; 26(4): 215-220 / DOI: 10.20986/resed.2019.3707/2018

Luis Suso-Martí, Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Antonio Arredondo- López, Alfonso Gil-Martínez


ABSTRACT

Objectives: A relevant aspect in hospitalized patient is pain intensity measurement. The objectives were fi rstly the identification of associated variables to pain and secondly if there was any association between the intensity of pain and the modification of the vital signs.
Materials and methods: The present research was a cross-sectional study was carried out in different areas of acute hospitalization in the University Hospital La Paz. Main variable was intensity of pain measured with numeric verbal scale, and secondary variables were vital signs, body temperature, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, capillary blood glucose and oxygen saturation from the data obtained in the hospital monitoring instruments. The Student's T test was used for comparison between groups. The effect size was measured by the Cohen d and the association size by the Pearson r.
Results: A total of 180 patients were included. No statistically signifi cant differences were found for any of the vital signs according to pain intensity levels (p > 0.05) divide in two groups. No statistically signifi cant differences were found between vital signs as a function of pain intensity and the moment to collect measurements (morning/afternoon/evening) (p > 0.05). No statistically significant associations were found between pain intensity and vital signs except a statistically signifi cant weak and negative association was observed between the diastolic blood pressure and the patients pain intensity (r = -0.219; p = 0.032).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that there are no differences between the vital signs according to the pain intensity and there are not associations between them.



RESUMEN

Objetivos: El dolor es un aspecto de amplia repercusión en la calidad de vida de los pacientes y se ha propuesto incluirlo entre las constantes o signos vitales para que sea siempre recogido en la evaluación del paciente hospitalizado. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue evaluar las constantes vitales en función de la intensidad de dolor en pacientes agudos hospitalizados, y el objetivo secundario fue observar si existen posibles asociaciones entre la intensidad del dolor y las constantes vitales.
Material y métodos: El presente estudio fue un estudio transversal realizado en diferentes áreas de hospitalización aguda en el Hospital Universitario La Paz. La variable principal fue la intensidad de dolor y las variables secundarias fueron las constantes vitales: temperatura corporal, tensión arterial sistólica, tensión arterial diastólica, tensión arterial media, frecuencia cardiaca, glucemia capilar y saturación de oxígeno. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student para comparación entre grupos. El tamaño del efecto se midió mediante la d de Cohen y el tamaño de asociación mediante la r de Pearson.
Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 180 pacientes. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para ninguna de las constantes vitales en función a los niveles de intensidad de dolor (p > 0,05) divididos en 2 grupos. Tampoco se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las constantes vitales en función de la intensidad de dolor en el turno de mañana, tarde y noche (p > 0,05). No se hallaron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la intensidad de dolor y las constantes vitales, excepto una asociación débil y negativa entre la tensión arterial diastólica y la intensidad de dolor percibido por los pacientes (r = -0,219; p = 0,032).
Conclusiones: En base a los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio, no existen diferencias entre las constantes vitales en función la intensidad de dolor. Las variaciones de las constantes vitales parecen no ser una buena estimación de la intensidad de dolor en pacientes con dolor leve y dolor moderado-severo. Son necesarios análisis prospectivos en muestras de mayor tamaño para confirmar estos resultados.





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Instrucciones para citar

Suso-Martí L, Cuenca-Martínez F, Arredondo- López A, Gil-Martínez A. Comparative analysis of vital signs in acutely hospitalized patients according to the pain intensity . Rev Soc Esp Dolor 2019; 26(4): 215-220 / DOI: 1020986/resed20193707/2018


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Recibido: 18/09/2018

Aceptado: 20/04/2019

Prepublicado: 26/06/2019

Publicado: 31/07/2019

Tiempo de revisión del artículo: 199 días

Tiempo de prepublicación: 281 días

Tiempo de edición del artículo: 316 días


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