Palabras clave
dolor
fragilidad
analgésicos opioides
adyuvantes
Resumen
Se dispone de pocos estudios sobre el uso de opioides en ancianos. En pacientes seleccionados, los opioides pueden proporcionar una adecuada analgesia en el marco de un abordaje integral. Se ha revisado la utilización de opioides fuertes en ancianos con dolor oncológico o no oncológico. Se ha demostrado eficacia en dolor músculo-esquelético a corto plazo y algunos tipos de dolor neuropático. No obstante, no se dispone de datos sobre eficacia y seguridad a largo plazo. Aunque los antidepresivos tricíclicos son eficaces para el dolor neuropático, sus efectos anticolinérgicos suponen un problema para el anciano. Antiepilépticos como gabapentina y pregabalina son eficaces para el dolor neuropático y mejor tolerados. La administración tópica de algunos fármacos mejora la tolerabilidad de los mismos.Referencias
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