ISSN: 1134-8046
e-ISSN: 2254-6189

Indexada en:

Busqueda avanzada

Año 2021 / Volumen 28 / Suplemento 1

Abstract PDF HTML

Artículo Monográfico Osteoartritis

Mecanismos etiopatogénicos de la artrosis
Ethiopathogenic mechanism of osteoarthritis

Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor. 2021; 28(13): 11-17 / DOI: 10.20986/resed.2021.3851/2020

Ángel Oteo

RESUMEN

La artrosis es una enfermedad incurable que se caracteriza por un deterioro progresivo del cartílago articular asociado a una proliferación ósea subcondral y osteofitaria, que provoca dolor, limitación de la movilidad, discapacidad y deterioro de la calidad de vida del paciente. Existe una discrepancia clínica entre pacientes que radiológicamente están en un estadio similar.
Se han descrito una serie de factores de riesgo que actuarían de forma sistémica o local en cada articulación. Estos factores, solos o de manera coincidente, darían lugar a las alteraciones estructurales de los tejidos articulares y desarrollarían la enfermedad. El mecanismo real por el cual estos factores de riesgo actúan no es del todo conocido. El conocimiento de su forma de actuar y el momento en que actúan sería una buena oportunidad para realizar un tratamiento específico y precoz que evite la aparición o la progresión de la artrosis.

ABSTRACT

Osteoarthritis is an incurable disease characterized by a progressive deterioration of the articular cartilage associated with a subchondral and osteophyte bone proliferation, which causes pain, limitation of mobility, disability, and deterioration of the patient's quality of life. There is a clinical discrepancy between patients who are radiologically in a similar stage.
A series of risk factors have been described that would act systemically or locally in each joint. These factors alone or coincidentally would give rise to structural alterations of the joint tissues and would develop the disease. The actual mechanism by which these risk factors act is not entirely known. Knowing their way of acting and when they act would be a good opportunity to carry out a specific and early treatment that prevents the appearance or progression of osteoarthritis.

Artículo Completo

Nuevo comentario

Código de seguridad:

Comentarios

No hay comentarios para este artículo.

Bibliografía

1. Hamerman D. Aging and osteoarthritis: basic mechanisms. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1993;41(7):760-70. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1993.tb07469.x.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1993.tb07469.x

2. Eumusc.net. Musculoskeletal Health in Europe 2011 [Internet]. 2011 [consultado el 18 de octubre de 2020]. Disponible en: http://www.eumusc.net/myUploadData/files/Musculoskeletal%20Health%20in%20Europe%20Report%20v5.pdf

3. van der Kraan PM. Osteoarthritis year 2012 in review: biology. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2012;20(12):1447-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.07.010.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.07.010

4. Hunter DJ. Focusing osteoarthritis management on modifiable risk factors and future therapeutic prospects. Ther Adv Musculoskel Dis. 2009;1(1):35-47. DOI: 10.1177/1759720X09342132.

DOI: 10.1177/1759720X09342132

5. Guccione AA, Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Anthony JM, Zhang Y, Wilson PW, et al. The effects of specific medical conditions on the functional limitations of elders in the Framingham Study. Am J Public Health. 1994;84(3):351-8. DOI: 10.2105/ajph.84.3.351.

DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.84.3.351

6. Arden N, Nevitt MC. Osteoarthritis: epidemiology. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2006;20(1):3-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2005.09.007.

DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2005.09.007

7. Madry H, Luyten FP, Facchini A. Biological aspects of early osteoarthritis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20(3):407-22. DOI: 10.1007/s00167-011-1705-8.

DOI: 10.1007/s00167-011-1705-8

8. Hernandez-Molina G, Neogi T, Hunter DJ, Niu J, Guermazi A, Reichenbach S, et al. The association of bone attrition with knee pain and other MRI features of osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67(1):43-7. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.070565.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.070565

9. Suri S, Gill SE, Massena de Camin S, Wilson D, McWilliams DF, Walsh DA. Neurovascular invasion at the osteochondral junction and in osteophytes in osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66(11):1423-8. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.063354.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.063354

10. Mapp P, Walsh DA Mechanisms and targets of angiogenesis and nerve growth in osteoarthritis Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2012;8(7):390-8. DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2012.80.

DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2012.80

11. Ivanavicius SP, Ball AD, Heapy CG, Westwood FR, Murray F, Read SJ. Structural pathology in a rodent model of osteoarthritis is associated with neuropathic pain: increased expression of ATF-3 and pharmacological characterisation. Pain. 2007;128(3):272-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2006.12.022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2006.12.022

12. Oteo-Álvaro A, Ruiz-Ibán MA, Miguens X, Stern A, Villoria J, Sánchez-Magro I. High prevalence of neuropathic pain features in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study. Pain Pract. 2015;15(7):618-26. DOI: 10.1111/papr.12220.

DOI: 10.1111/papr.12220

13. Neogi T, Felson D, Niu J, Lynch J, Nevitt M, Guermazi A, et al. Cartilage loss occurs in the same subregions as subchondral bone attrition: a within-knee subregion-matched approach from the Multicenter. Osteoarthritis Study. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61(11):1539-44. DOI: 10.1002/art.24824.

DOI: 10.1002/art.24824

14. Kuettner KE. Biochemistry of articular cartilage in health and disease. Clin Biochem 1992;25(3):155-63. DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(92)90224-g.

DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(92)90224-G

15. Aigner T, Hemmel M, Neureiter D, Gebhard PM, Zeiler G, Kirchner T, et al. Apoptotic cell death is not a widespread phenomenon in normal aging and osteoarthritic human articular knee cartilage: a study of proliferation, programmed cell death (apoptosis), and viability of chondrocytes in normal and osteoarthritic human knee cartilage. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44(6):1304-12. DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200106)44:61304::AID-ART222>3.0.CO;2-T.

16. Kouri JB, Jimenez SA, Quintero M, Chico A. Ultrastructural study of chondrocytes from fibrillated and non-fibrillated human osteoarthritic cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1996;4(2):111-25. DOI: 10.1016/s1063-4584(05)80320-6.

DOI: 10.1016/S1063-4584(05)80320-6

17. Berenbaum F. Osteoarthritis as an inflammatory disease (osteoarthritis is not osteoarthrosis!). Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013;21(1):16-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.11.012.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.11.012

18. Goldring MB. The role of the chondrocyte in osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000;43(9):1916-26. DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200009)43:91916::AID-ANR2>3.0.CO;2-I.

19. Westacott CI, Sharif M. Cytokines in osteoarthritis: mediators or markers of joint destruction? Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1996;25(4):254-72. DOI: 10.1016/s0049-0172(96)80036-9.

DOI: 10.1016/S0049-0172(96)80036-9

20. Zhang W, Nuki G, Moskowitz RW, Abramson S, Altman RD, Arden NK, et al. OARSI recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: part III: Changes in evidence following systematic cumulative update of research published through January 2009. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2010;18(4):476-99. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.01.013.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.01.013

21. van Meurs JB, Uitterlinden AG. Osteoarthritis year 2012 in review: genetics and genomics. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2012;20(12):1470-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.08.007.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.08.007

22. Loughlin J. The genetic epidemiology of human primary osteoarthritis: current status. Expert Rev Mol Med. 2005;7(9):1-12. DOI: 10.1017/S1462399405009257.

DOI: 10.1017/S1462399405009257

23. Zhong L, Huang X, Karperien M, Post JN. Correlation between gene expression and osteoarthritis progression in human. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(7):1126. DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071126.

DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071126

24. Abramson SB, Attur M. Developments in the scientific understanding of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(3):227. DOI: 10.1186/ar2655.

DOI: 10.1186/ar2655

25. Petersson IF, Jacobsson LT. Osteoarthritis of the peripheral joints. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2002;16(5):741-60. DOI: 10.1053/berh.2002.0266.

DOI: 10.1053/berh.2002.0266

26. Loeser RF, Collins JA, Diekman BO. Ageing and the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016;12(7):412-20. DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.65.

DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.65

27. Felson DT, Zhang Y. An update on the epidemiology of knee and hip osteoarthritis with a view to prevention. Arthritis Rheum. 1998;41(8):1343-55. DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(199808)41:81343::AID-ART3>3.0.CO;2-9.

28. Prieto-Alhambra D, Judge A, Javaid MK, Cooper C, Diez-Perez A, Arden NK. Incidence and risk factors for clinically diagnosed knee, hip and hand osteoarthritis: influences of age, gender and osteoarthritis affecting other joints. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(9):1659-64. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203355.

DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203355

29. Hanna FS, Wluka AE, Bell RJ, Davis SR, Cicuttini FM. Osteoarthritis and the postmenopausal woman: Epidemiological, magnetic resonance imaging, and radiological findings. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2004;34(3):631-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2004.07.007.

DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2004.07.007

30. Reyes C, Leyland KM, Peat G, Cooper C, Arden NK, Prieto-Alhambra D. Association Between Overweight and Obesity and Risk of Clinically Diagnosed Knee, Hip, and Hand Osteoarthritis: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016;68(8):1869-75. DOI: 10.1002/art.39707.

DOI: 10.1002/art.39707

31. van der Kraan PM. Osteoarthritis year 2012 in review: biology. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2012;20(12):1447-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.07.010.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.07.010

32. Madry H, Luyten FP, Facchini A. Biological aspects of early osteoarthritis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20(3):407-22. DOI: 10.1007/s00167-011-1705-8.

DOI: 10.1007/s00167-011-1705-8

33. Teichtahl AJ, Wang Y, Wluka AE, Cicuttini FM. Obesity and knee osteoarthritis: new insights provided by body composition studies. Obesity. 2008;16(2):232-40. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.30.

DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.30

34. Ameye LG, Chee WS. Osteoarthritis and nutrition. From nutraceuticals to functional foods: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(4):R127. DOI: 10.1186/ar2016.

DOI: 10.1186/ar2016

35. Lane NE, Oehlert JW, Bloch DA, Fries JF. The relationship of running to osteoarthritis of the knee and hip and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine: a 9-year longitudinal study. J Rheumatol. 1998;25(2):334-41.

36. McAlindon TE, Dawson-Huges B, Driban J, Nuite M, Lee JY, Priceet LL, et al. Clinical trial of vitamin D to reduce pain and structural progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:S294

37. McAlindon T, Felson DT. Nutrition: risk factors for osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1997;56(7):397-400. DOI: 10.1136/ard.56.7.397.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.56.7.397

38. Peregoy J, Wilder FV. The effects of vitamin C supplementation on incident and progressive knee osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study. Public Health Nutr. 2011; 14(4):709-15. DOI: 10.1017/S1368980010001783.

DOI: 10.1017/S1368980010001783

39. Wluka AE, Stuckey S, Brand C, Cicuttini FM. Supplementary vitamin E does not affect the loss of cartilage volume in knee osteoarthritis: a 2 year double blind randomized placebo controlled study. J Rheumatol. 2002;29(12):2585-91.

40. Neogi T, Felson DT, Sarno R, Booth SL. Vitamin K in hand osteoarthritis: results from a randomised clinical trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67(11):1570-3. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.094771.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.094771

41. Jordan JM, Fang F, Arab L. Low selenium levels are associated with increased risk for osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:S455.

42. Nevitt MC, Zhang Y, Javaid MK, Neogi T, Curtis JR, Niu J, et al. High systemic bone mineral density increases the risk of incident knee OA and joint space narrowing, but not radiographic progression of existing knee OA: the MOST study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(1):163-8. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.099531.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.099531

43. Li B, Aspden RM. Composition and mechanical properties of cancellous bone from the femoral head of patients with osteoporosis or osteoarthritis. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12(4):641-51. DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.4.641.

DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.4.641

44. Kadam UT, Jordan K, Croft PR. Clinical comorbidity in patients with osteoarthritis: a case-control study of general practice consulters in England and Wales. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63(4):408-14. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2003.007526.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.2003.007526

45. Duclos M. Osteoarthritis, obesity and type 2 diabetes: The weight of waist circumference. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2016;59(3):157-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2016.04.002.

DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2016.04.002

46. Amin S, Goggins J, Niu J, Guermazi A, Grigoryan M, Hunter DJ, et al. Occupation-related squatting, kneeling, and heavy lifting and the knee joint: a magnetic resonance imaging-based study in men. J Rheumatol. 2008;35(8):1645-9.

47. McWilliams DF, Leeb BF, Muthuri SG, Doherty M, Zhang W. Occupational risk factors for osteoarthritis of the knee: a meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2011;19(7):829-39. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.02.016.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.02.016

48. Croft P, Cooper C, Wickham C, Coggon D. Osteoarthritis of the hip and occupational activity. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1992;18(1):59-63. DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.1608.

DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.1608

49. Yoshimura N, Sasaki S, Iwasaki K, Danjoh S, Kinoshita H, Yasuda T, et al. Occupational lifting is associated with hip osteoarthritis: a Japanese case-control study. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(2):434-40.

50. Hadler NM, Gillings DB, Imbus HR, Levitin PM, Makuc D, Utsinger PD, et al. Hand structure and function in an industrial setting. Arthritis Rheum. 1978;21(2):210-20. DOI: 10.1002/art.1780210206.

DOI: 10.1002/art.1780210206

51. McAlindon TE, Wilson PW, Aliabadi P, Weissman B, Felson DT. Level of physical activity and the risk of radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in the elderly: the Framingham study. Am J Med. 1999;106(2):151-7. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00413-6.

DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00413-6

52. Wang Y, Simpson JA, Wluka AE, Teichtahl AJ, English DR, Giles GG, et al. Is physical activity a risk factor for primary knee or hip replacement due to osteoarthritis? A prospective cohort study. J Rheumatol. 2011;38(2):350-7. DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.091138.

DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.091138

53. Kujala UM, Kettunen J, Paananen H, Aalto T, Battié MC, Impivaara O, et al. Knee osteoarthritis in former runners, soccer players, weight lifters, and shooters. Arthritis Rheum. 1995;38(4):539-46. DOI: 10.1002/art.1780380413.

DOI: 10.1002/art.1780380413

54. Lohmander LS, Ostenberg A, Englund M, Roos H. High prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, pain, and functional limitations in female soccer players twelve years after anterior cruciate ligament injury. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50(10):3145-52. DOI: 10.1002/art.20589.

DOI: 10.1002/art.20589

55. Roos EM, Ostenberg A, Roos H, Ekdahl C, Lohmander LS. Long-term outcome of meniscectomy: symptoms, function, and performance tests in patients with or without radiographic osteoarthritis compared to matched controls. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2001;9(4):316-24. DOI: 10.1053/joca.2000.0391.

DOI: 10.1053/joca.2000.0391

56. Englund M, Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Aliabadi P, Yang M, Lewis CE, et al. Meniscal tear in knees without surgery and the development of radiographic osteoarthritis among middle-aged and elderly persons: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60(3):831-9. DOI: 10.1002/art.24383.

DOI: 10.1002/art.24383

57. Blagojevic M, Jinks C, Jeffery A, Jordan KP. Risk factors for onset of osteoarthritis of the knee in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2010;18(1):24-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.08.010.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.08.010

58. Muthuri SG, McWilliams DF, Doherty M, Zhang W. History of knee injuries and knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2011;19(11):1286-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.07.015.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.07.015

59. Lohmander LS, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM. The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35(10):1756-69. DOI: 10.1177/0363546507307396.

DOI: 10.1177/0363546507307396

60. Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L. Osteoarthritis and risk of fractures. Calcif Tissue Int. 2009;84(4):249-56. DOI: 10.1007/s00223-009-9224-z.

DOI: 10.1007/s00223-009-9224-z

61. Davies JH, Centomo H, Leduc S, Beaumont P, Laflamme GY, Rouleau DM. Preexisting carpal and carpometacarpal osteoarthritis has no impact on function after distal radius fractures. J Wrist Surg. 2017;6(4):301-6. DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1602800.

DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1602800

62. Dustmann HO, Schulitz KP. Conservative and operative treatment of fractures of the head of tibia. Z Orthop Grenzgeb. 1973;111(2):160-8.

63. Manidakis N, Dosani A, Dimitriou R, Stengel D, Matthews S, Giannoudis P. Tibial plateau fractures: functional outcome and incidence of osteoarthritis in 125 cases. Int Orthop. 2010;34(4):565-70. DOI: 10.1007/s00264-009-0790-5.

DOI: 10.1007/s00264-009-0790-5

64. Brandt KD, Heilman DK, Slemenda C, Katz BP, Mazzuca SA, Braunstein EM, et al. Quadriceps strength in women with radiographically progressive osteoarthritis of the knee and those with stable radiographic changes. J Rheumatol.1999;26(11):2431-7.

65. Slemenda C, Heilman DK, Brandt KD, Katz BP, Mazzuca SA, Braunstein EM, et al. Reduced quadriceps strength relative to body weight: a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis in women? Arthritis Rheum. 1998;41(11):1951-9. DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(199811)41:111951::AID-ART9>3.0.CO;2-9.

66. Amin S, Baker K, Niu J, Clancy M, Goggins J, Guermazi A, et al. Quadriceps strength and the risk of cartilage loss and symptom progression in knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60(1):189-98. DOI: 10.1002/art.24182.

DOI: 10.1002/art.24182

67. Sharma L, Chmiel JS, Almagor O, Felson D, Guermazi A, Roemer F, et al. The role of varus and valgus alignment in the initial development of knee cartilage damage by MRI: the MOST study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(2):235-40. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201070.

DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201070

68. Sharma L, Song J, Dunlop D, Felson D, Lewis CE, Segal N, et al. Varus and valgus alignment and incident and progressive knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(11):1940-5. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.129742.

DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.129742

69. Segal NA, Anderson DD, Iyer KS, Baker J, Torner JC, Lynch JA, et al. Baseline articular contact stress levels predict incident symptomatic knee osteoarthritis development in the MOST cohort. J Orthop Res. 2009;27(12):1562-8. DOI: 10.1002/jor.20936.

DOI: 10.1002/jor.20936

70. Golightly YM, Allen KD, Helmick CG, Schwartz TA, Renner JB, Jordan JM. Hazard of Incident and Progressive Knee and Hip Radiographic Osteoarthritis and Chronic Joint Symptoms in Individuals with and without Limb Length Inequality. J Rheumatol. 2010;37(10):2133-40. DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.091410.

DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.091410

71. Golightly YM, Allen KD, Renner JB, Helmick CG, Salazar A, Jordan JM. Relationship of limb length inequality with radiographic knee and hip osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2007;15(7):824-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.01.009.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.01.009

72. Harvey WF, Yang M, Cooke TD, Segal NA, Lane N, Lewis CE, et al. Association of leg-length inequality with knee osteoarthritis: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(5):287-95. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00006.

DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00006

73. Lynch JA, Parimi N, Chaganti RK, Nevitt MC, Lane NE. The association of proximal femoral shape and incident radiographic hip OA in elderly women. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2009;17(10):1313-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.04.011.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.04.011

74. Lane NE, Lin P, Christiansen L, Williams EN, Hochberg MC, Nevitt MC. Association of mild acetabular dysplasia with an increased risk of incident hip osteoarthritis in elderly white women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. Arthritis Rheum. 2000;43(2):400-4. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(200002)43:2400::AID-ANR21>3.0.CO;2-D.

DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200002)43:2400::AID-ANR21>3.0.CO;2-D

75. Doherty M, Courtney P, Doherty S, Jenkins W, Maciewicz RA, Muir K, et al. Nonspherical femoral head shape (pistol grip deformity), neck shaft angle, and risk of hip osteoarthritis: a case-control study. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58(10):3172-82. DOI: 10.1002/art.23939.

DOI: 10.1002/art.23939

76. Reid GD, Reid CG, Widmer N, Munk PL. Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: an underrecognized cause of hip pain and premature osteoarthritis? J Rheumatol. 2010;37(7):1395-404. DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.091186.

DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.091186

Tablas y Figuras

Tabla I

Figura 1

Figura 2

Instrucciones para citar

Oteo Á. Mecanismos etiopatogénicos de la artrosis. Rev Soc Esp Dolor 2021; 28(13): 11-17 / DOI: 1020986/resed20213851/2020

Descargar a un gestores de citas

Descargue la cita de este artículo haciendo clic en uno de los siguientes gestores de citas:

Métrica

Este artículo ha sido visitado 28760 veces.
Este artículo ha sido descargado 160 veces.

Estadísticas de Dimensions

Estadísticas de Plum Analytics

Ficha Técnica

Recibido: 27/10/2020

Aceptado: 18/01/2021

Publicado: 03/02/2021

Tiempo de edición del artículo: 99 días

Este artículo aun no tiene valoraciones.

Valoración del lector:

Valora este artículo:

Enviar por e-mail

Gestión de Cookies	Nombre	Tipo de Cookie	Función
Google	NID, PREF	Persistente	Personalizar los anuncios que se muestran en los servicios de Google.
Google Analytics	__utma, __utmb, __utmc, __utmz	Persistente	Conocer de forma anónima, nº de visitantes, procedencia, páginas visitadas, etc.