Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor. 2021; 28(13): 85-90 / DOI: 10.20986/resed.2021.3853/2020
Joaquín Insausti
ABSTRACT
Osteomuscular pain is the most common cause of consultation in the pain units, osteoarthrosis degeneration is the most prevalent pathology within osteomuscular pain, with the most affected areas, the spine at both lumbar and cervical levels, the limbs (knee, hip, shoulder) leaving the rest of the joints of the anatomy. Interventional techniques try to alleviate pain caused by osteoarthritis, in many cases in patients with accompanying pathology that makes the possible surgical solution ruled out, because of its excessive risk (knee or hip prothesis), or as in the case of spondylarthrosis, is surgical treatment does not guarantee the removal of pain, as is the case with spinal arthrodesis indicated for treat this pain. As always, the difficulty lies in being able to offer the patient, a treatment whit sufficient scientific evidence and with the lowest possible risk, which leads to a satisfactory result for him. This article aims to review the interventional technique available to treat pain caused by osteoarthritis, and their degree of evidence when available.
RESUMEN
El dolor osteomuscular es la causa más frecuente de consulta en las unidades del dolor; la degeneración artrósica es la patología más prevalente dentro del dolor osteomuscular, siendo las zonas más afectadas la columna vertebral (tanto a nivel lumbar como cervical), las extremidades (rodilla, cadera, hombro), quedando el resto de las articulaciones de la anatomía como localizaciones menos frecuentes. Las técnicas intervencionistas intentan paliar el dolor causado por la artrosis, en muchos casos en pacientes con patología acompañante que hace que la posible solución quirúrgica sea descartada por su excesivo riesgo (prótesis de rodilla o cadera), o bien, como ocurre en el caso de la espondiloartrosis, el tratamiento quirúrgico no garantice la eliminación del dolor, como ocurre con la artrodesis de columna preconizada para tratar este tipo de dolor. Como siempre, la dificultad estriba en poder ofrecer al paciente un tratamiento con evidencia científica suficiente y con el riesgo más bajo posible, que conlleve a un resultado satisfactorio para él. El presente artículo pretende revisar las técnicas intervencionistas disponibles para tratar el dolor causado por la artrosis, y su grado de evidencia cuando esta está disponible.
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